Research on PEMF Therapy

A non-operative salvage of surgically-resistant pseudarthroses and non-unions by pulsing electromagnetic fields. A preliminary report, 1977
Bassett CAL, Pilla AA, Pawluk RJ. Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Department of Chemical and Applied Engineering, Columbia University, NY, NY – The Biochemistry Section ESB, Inc. Yardley, PA, USA

Repair of Non-Unions by Pulsing Electromagnetic Fields, 1978
Bassett CA, Mitchell SN, Norton L, Pilla A

Treatment of non-union of bone fractures by pulsing electro-magnetic fields, 1982
Hutchings J., UK.

Pulsed magnetic field therapy for tibial non-union. Interim results of a double-blind trial. 1984
Barker AT, Dixon RA, Sharrard WJ, Sutcliffe ML. Lancet. 1984 May 5;1(8384):994-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(84)92329-8. PMID: 6143970

The development and application of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) for ununited fractures and arthrodeses. 1985
Bassett CA. Clin Plast Surg. 1985 Apr;12(2):259-77. PMID: 3886262 Review.

A randomized double-blind prospective study of the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic fields for interbody lumbar fusions, 1989
Mooney V. University of California Irvine, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Irvine, CA, USA

Role of pulsed electromagnetic fields in recalcitrant non-unions.
Delima DF, Tanna DD. J Postgrad Med. 1989 Jan;35(1):43-8. PMID: 2585337

Healing of nonunion of a fractured lateral condyle of the humerus by pulsing electromagnetic induction, 1991
Das Sarkar S, Bassett CA, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sandwell District General Hospital, Lyndon, West Midlands, UK.

Effects of static magnetic and Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields on bone healing, 1997
Darendeliler MA, Darendeliler A, Sinclair, PM. Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Australia.

Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields for the treatment of bone fractures, 1999
Satter Syed A, Islam MS, Rabbani KS, Talukder MS., Industrial Physics Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka.

Effects of pulsed magnetic energy on a micro surgically transferred vessel, 2000
Roland D, Ferder M, Kothuru R, Faierman T, Strauch B. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. Plast Reconstr Surg 105:1371–1374.

Exposure to pulsed magnetic fields enhances motor recovery in cats after spinal cord injury, 2003
Crowe MJ, Sun ZP, Battocletti JH, Macias MY, Pintar FA, Maiman DJ., Neuroscience Research Laboratories, The Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

Pseudarthrosis after lumbar spine fusion: nonoperative salvage with Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields, 2004
Simmons JW Jr, Mooney V, Thacker I. UTMB, Galveston, Texas, USA.

Reversal of delayed union of anterior cervical fusion treated with pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation: case report, 2004
Mackenzie, Donald, and Francis D Veninga

Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) treatment for fracture healing, 2009
Boopalan, PRJVC et al.

Is There Still A Role For Pulsed Electromagnetic Field in the Treatment of Delayed Unions and Nonunions, 2008
REC Rose, Division of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Radiology, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The University of the West Indies, BA Bryan-Frankson, Physical Therapy Solutions, El Shaddai Medical Centre, Jamaica

Effects of pulsed electromagnetic stimulation on patients undergoing hip revision prostheses: A randomized prospective double-blind study, 2009
Dante Dallari et al., VII Division of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy

Effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields on human osteoblast cultures
S Barnaba, R Papalia, L Ruzzini… - … Research …, 2013 - Wiley Online Library Bioelectromagnetics 2002; 23: 398– 405

Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMF) Inhibit Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 Expression in Human Annulus Fibrosus Cells
X Tang, R Willardson, D Coughlin… - The Spine …, 2014 - thespinejournalonline.com

Inductively Coupled Electrical Stimulation-Part 2: Optimization of parameters for orthopedic injuries and pain
R Dennis - The Journal of Science and Medicine, 2019 - josam.org

Expression relative of RANK, RANKL and OPG gene on rat femoral fracture healing process in delayed union model after pulsed electromagnetic field exposure
P Sari, I Reihannisha, U Umiatin… - Journal of Global …, 2019 - scholar.ui.ac.id

Effects of electromagnetic field on proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of MC3T3 cells
SH Teoh, L Suryani, JH Too, AM Hassanbhai, F Wen… - 2019 - dr.ntu.edu.sg

Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF): A potential adjuvant treatment for infected nonunion
X Qiu, X Li, Y Chen - Medical Hypotheses, 2020 – Elsevier

Protection against focal cerebral ischemia following exposure to a Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field, 1994
Grant G, Cadossi R, Steinberg G. Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, CA, USA

Low frequency and low intensity Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field exerts its anti-inflammatory effect through restoration of plasma membrane calcium ATPase activity, 2007
Selvam R, Ganesan K, Narayana Raju KV, Gangadharan AC, Manohar BM, Puvanakrishnan R. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Madras Veterinary College, Vepery, Chennai, India

Modulation of Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema and Hyperalgesia in the Rat with Pulsed Magnetic Field Therapy, 2008
Johnson, et al., BEMS, June

Effect of pulsed radiofrequency therapy on edema from grades I and II ankle sprains: a placebo controlled, randomized, multi-site, double-blind clinical study, 1996
Pilla, A., et al., J Athl Train S31:53

Therapeutic effects of electro-magnetic fields in the stimulation of connective tissue repair, 1993
Aaron RK, Ciombor DM., Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA

Magnetic fields in physical therapy. Experience in orthopedics and traumatology rehabilitation, 1996
Borg MJ, Marcuccio F, Poerio AM, Vangone A., Servizio di Recupero e Rieducazione Funzionale, Napoli, Italy

Effect of pulsed radio frequency stimulation on wound healing: A double-blind pilot clinical study. In: Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine, 1999
Kloth, et al., F Bersani, ed. Plenum, NY, 1999, pp. 875-878

Pulsed magnetic fields applied to a transferred arterial loop support the rat groin composite flap, 2004
Weber et al., Plast Reconstr Surg 114:1185–1189

Pulsed magnetic fields accelerate wound repair in a cutaneous wound model in the rat, 2007
Strauch B, et al., Plast Reconstr Surg 120:425–430

Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Post-Operative Pain: A Double-Blind Randomized Pilot Study in Breast Reduction Patients, 2009
Rohde, C., et al., Bioelectomagnetic Society Meetings June, Davos, Switzerland

Electrochemical therapy of pelvic pain: effects of Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields (PEMF) on tissue trauma, 1994
Jorgensen WA, Frome BM, Wallach C. International Pain Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

History of magnetic stimulation of the nervous system, 1991
Geddes LA., William A. Hillenbrand Biomedical Engineering Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.

Evaluation of treatment with a Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field on wound healing, clinicopathologic variables, and central nervous system activity of dogs, 1998
Scardino MS, Swaim SF, Sartin EA, Steiss JE, Spano JS, Hoffman CE, Coolman SL, Peppin BL. Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, USA.

Magnetic and electrical stimulation in the rehabilitative treatment of patients with organic lesions of the nervous system, 1998
Tyshkevich TG, Nikitina VV; A. L. Polenov, Russian Science Research Neurosurgical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia

Short-term effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields after physical exercise are dependent on autonomic tone before exposure. 2007
Grote V, Lackner H, Kelz C, Trapp M, Aichinger F, Puff H, Moser M. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2007 Nov;101(4):495-502. doi: 10.1007/s00421-007-0520-x. Epub 2007 Aug 3. PMID: 17674028

Altered expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tight junction proteins in rats following PEMF-induced BBB permeability change
YM Zhang, Z Yan, LB Qiu, GR Ding, XF Pang - Biomedical and …, 2012 – Elsevier

The effects of pulsed electromagnetic energy on peripheral nerve regeneration. 1974
Wilson DH, Jagadeesh P, Newman PP, Harriman DG. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1974;238:575-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1974.tb26823.x. PMID: 4548339

Effects of high peak pulsed electromagnetic fields on degeneration and regeneration of the common peroneal nerve in rate. 1982
Raji AR, Bowden RE. Lancet. 1982 Aug 21;2(8295):444-5. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)90476-7. PMID: 6124837 No abstract available.

Effects of high-peak pulsed electromagnetic field on the degeneration and regeneration of the common peroneal nerve in rats. 1983
Raji AR, Bowden RE. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1983 Aug;65(4):478-92. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.65B4.6603461. PMID: 6603461

Effect of weak, pulsing electromagnetic fields on neural regeneration in the rat. 1983
Ito H, Bassett CA. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1983 Dec;(181):283-90. PMID: 6641063

Pre-treatment of rats with Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields enhances regeneration of the sciatic nerve, 1993
Kanje M, Rusovan A, Sisken B, Lundborg G, Department of Animal Physiology, University of Lund, Sweden.

Effect of Pulsed Electro-Magnetic stimulation on facial nerve regeneration, 1998
Byers JM, Clark KF, Thompson GC, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA.

An experimental study of the effects of Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field (Diapulse) on nerve repair, 1984
Raji AM.

Effects of high-peak Pulsed Electro- Magnetic Field on the degeneration and regeneration of the common peroneal nerve in rats, 1983
Raji AR, Bowden RE, UK

Stimulation of rat sciatic nerve regeneration with Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields, 1989
Sisken BF, Kanje M, Lundborg G, Herbst E, Kurtz W. Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

A multivariate approach to the treatment of peripheral nerve transection injury: the role of electro-magnetic Field Therapy, 1991
Zienowicz RJ, Thomas BA, Kurtz WH, Orgel MG. University of Massachusetts Medical School, Berkshire Medical Center, Pittsfield, USA.

Pre-treatment of rats with Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields enhances regeneration of the sciatic nerve, 1993
Kanje M, Rusovan A, Sisken B, Lundborg G., Department of Animal Physiology, University of Lund, Sweden

Enhancement of functional recovery following a crush lesion to the rat sciatic nerve by exposure to Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields, 1994
Walker JL, Evans JM, Resig P, Guarnieri S, Meade P, Sisken BS. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Crippled Children, Lexington, KY, USA

Acute treatment with pulsed electromagnetic fields and its effect on fast axonal transport in normal and regenerating nerve. 1995
Sisken BF, Jacob JM, Walker JL. J Neurosci Res. 1995 Dec;42(5):692-9. doi: 10.1002/jnr.490420512. PMID: 8600302

Effect of Pulsed Electro-Magnetic stimulation on facial nerve regeneration, 1998
Byers JM, Clark KF, Thompson GC. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

Electro-Magnetic Fields influence NGF activity and levels following sciatic nerve transection, 1999
Longo FM, Yang T, Hamilton S, Hyde JF, Walker J, Jennes L, Stach R, Sisken BF. Department of Neurology, UCSF/VAMC, San Francisco, CA, USA

A comparative study of the effects of magnetic stimulation and electric stimulation on peripheral nerve injury in rat, 2001
Bannaga A, Guo T, Ouyang X, Hu D, Lin C, Cao F, Dun Y, Guo Z. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Effect of pulsed magnetic field on regenerating rat sciatic nerve: an in-vitro electrophysiologic study. 2005
Güven M, Günay I, Ozgünen K, Zorludemir S. Int J Neurosci. 2005 Jun;115(6):881-92. doi: 10.1080/00207450590897950. PMID: 16019581

Co-treatment effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) with human dental pulp stromal cells and FK506 on the regeneration of crush injured rat sciatic nerve, 2014
Yoon-Tae Kim, Wei-Hong Hei, Soochan Kim, Young-Kwon Seo, Soung-Min Kim, Jeong-Won Jahng & Jong-Ho Lee, Seoul, Korea, International Journal of Neuroscience Pages 774-783 | 2015 - Taylor & Francis, https://doi.org/10.3109/00207454.2014.971121

Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) prevents pro-oxidant effects of H2O2 in SK-N-BE(2) human neuroblastoma cells, 2015
Stefano Falone, Nicoletta Marchesi, Cecilia Osera, Lorenzo Fassina, Sergio Comincini, Maria laura Amadio & Alessia Pascale, Journal of Radiationn, Pages 281-286 |Taylor & Francis.

Electrochemical therapy of pelvic pain: effects of Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields (PEMF) on tissue trauma, 1994
Jorgensen WA, Frome BM, Wallach C. International Pain Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA

2000 Pain management and electro-magnetic medicine.
Ouellette EA., University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, FL, USA.

Spine fusion for discogenic low back pain: outcomes in patients treated with or without Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field stimulation, 2000
Marks RA. Richardson Orthopaedic Surgery, Texas, USA

Evaluation of electro-magnetic fields in the treatment of pain in patients with lumbar radiculopathy or the whiplash syndrome, 2002
Thuile Ch, Walzl M., International Society of Energy Medicine, Vienna, Austria

Pulsed magnetic field therapy in refractory neuropathic pain secondary to peripheral neuropathy: electrodiagnostic parameters--pilot study, 2004
Weintraub MI, Cole SP. New York Medical College, Briarcliff Manor, New York, USA.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial using a low-frequency magnetic field in the treatment of musculoskeletal chronic pain, 2007
Thomas et al., Bioelectromagnetics, Imaging Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada

Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on postoperative pain: a double-blind randomized pilot study in breast augmentation patients, 2008
Hedén P, Pilla AA., Aesthetic Plast Surg. 32:660-6

Providing the understanding of the mechanism of action of PEMF therapy, the plastic surgeon is the laboratory and clinical confirmation of decreased pain and swelling following injury or surgery, 2009
USA
Strauch et al., Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY

Short Term Effect of PEMF Magnetotherapy on Chronic Low Back Pain
P Galovic, D Celan, T Hernja-Rumpf - Journal of Magnetics, 2018 - dbpia.co.kr

Electrochemical therapy of pelvic pain: effects of Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Fields (PEMF) on tissue trauma, 1994
Jorgensen WA, Frome BM, Wallach C. International Pain Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA